Best Sowing Time (North India): Spring (Feb–Mar) or Monsoon (Jun–Jul)
Best Sowing Time (South India): All Year
Temperature: 22–35°C; frost-sensitive — protect from cold
Soil: Well-draining loamy soil; waterlogging is fatal. Raised beds are ideal.
Sunlight: Full sun
Watering: Regular but not excessive; allow top inch to dry between waterings
Spacing: 2–3 metres apart
Germination Time: 14–21 days
Tip: Wash and dry seeds before sowing. First fruits in 9–12 months from seed. Plant 3 seeds per spot and thin to one strong plant. Papayas can be male, female, or bisexual — maintain a ratio of 1 male per 8–10 females.